private law

A civil case is a private, non-criminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights, including respecting rights stated under the Constitution or under federal or state law.

Civil law refers either to the area of law that deals with the rights of persons or to a legal system based upon the codification of laws that originates from Roman Law. 

In general, an officer is a person who has the obligation of carrying out the responsibilities and functions of an office, whether it be duty or charge, a position of trust, or the right to engage in public or private employment.