private law

A civil case is a non-criminal legal dispute between private parties, typically involving rights and obligations under the U.S. Constitution, federal law, state law, or common law.

Civil law can refer either to a branch of law that governs private rights and obligations, or to a legal system derived from Roman law and based on codified statutes.

In general, an officer is a person who has the obligation of carrying out the responsibilities and functions of an office, whether it be duty or charge, a position of trust, or the right to engage in public or private employment.