40 CFR § 19.4 - Statutory civil monetary penalties, as adjusted for inflation, and tables.

§ 19.4 Statutory civil monetary penalties, as adjusted for inflation, and tables.

Table 1 of this section sets out the statutory civil monetary penalty provisions of statutes administered by the EPA, with the third column setting out the latest operative statutory civil monetary penalty levels for violations that occur or occurred after November 2, 2015, where penalties are assessed on or after January 8, 2025. The fourth column displays the operative statutory civil monetary penalty levels where penalties were assessed on or after December 27, 2023, but before January 8, 2025. Table 2 of this section sets out the statutory civil monetary penalty provision of statutes administered by the EPA, with the operative statutory civil monetary penalty levels, as adjusted for inflation, for violations that occurred on or before November 2, 2015, and for violations that occurred after November 2, 2015, where penalties were assessed before August 1, 2016.

Table 1 of § 19.4—Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments

U.S. code citation Environmental statute Statutory civil monetary
penalties for violations
that occur or occurred after November 2, 2015,
where penalties are
assessed on or after
January 8, 2025 		Statutory civil monetary
penalties for violations
that occurred after
November 2, 2015,
where penalties were
assessed on or after
December 27, 2023,
but before
January 8, 2025 		Statutory civil monetary
penalties, as enacted
7 U.S.C. 136 l(a)(1) FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT (FIFRA) $24,885 $24,255 $5,000
7 U.S.C. 136 l(a)(2) 1 FIFRA 3,650/2,353/3,650 3,558/2,293/3,558 1,000/500/1,000
15 U.S.C. 2615(a)(1) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT (TSCA) 49,772 48,512 37,500
15 U.S.C. 2647(a) TSCA 14,308 13,946 5,000
15 U.S.C. 2647(g) TSCA 11,823 11,524 5,000
31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT (PFCRA) 14,308 13,946 5,000
31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(2) PFCRA 14,308 13,946 5,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(d) CLEAN WATER ACT (CWA) 68,445 66,712 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(g)(2)(A) CWA 27,378/68,445 26,685/66,712 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(g)(2)(B) CWA 27,378/342,218 26,685/333,552 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(6)(B)(i) CWA 23,647/59,114 23,048/57,617 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(6)(B)(ii) CWA 23,647/295,564 23,048/288,080 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(A) CWA 59,114/2,364 57,617/2,304 25,000/1,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(B) CWA 59,114 57,617 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(C) CWA 59,114 57,617 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(D) CWA 236,451/7,093 230,464/6,913 100,000/3,000
33 U.S.C. 1414b(d)(1)(A) MARINE PROTECTION, RESEARCH, AND SANCTUARIES ACT (MPRSA) 1,575 1,535 600
33 U.S.C. 1415(a) MPRSA 248,851/328,265 242,550/319,953 50,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(a)(2)(A)) CERTAIN ALASKAN CRUISE SHIP OPERATIONS (CACSO) 18,142/45,354 17,683/44,206 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(a)(2)(B)) CACSO 18,142/226,768 17,683/221,026 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(b)(1)) CACSO 45,354 44,206 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1908(b)(1) ACT TO PREVENT POLLUTION FROM SHIPS (APPS) 93,058 90,702 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1908(b)(2) APPS 18,610 18,139 5,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(b) SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT (SDWA) 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(A) SDWA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(B) SDWA 14,308/49,848 13,946/48,586 5,000/25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(C) SDWA 49,848 48,586 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(b)(1) SDWA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(c)(1) SDWA 28,619/357,729 27,894/348,671 10,000/125,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(c)(2) SDWA 14,308/357,729 13,946/348,671 5,000/125,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-3(c) SDWA 24,885/53,088 24,255/51,744 5,000/10,000
42 U.S.C. 300i(b) SDWA 29,911 29,154 15,000
42 U.S.C. 300i-1(c) SDWA 174,109/1,741,100 169,700/1,697,012 100,000/1,000,000
42 U.S.C. 300j(e)(2) SDWA 12,442 12,127 2,500
42 U.S.C. 300j-4(c) SDWA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300j-6(b)(2) SDWA 49,848 48,586 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300j-23(d) SDWA 13,132/131,308 12,799/127,983 5,000/50,000
42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(5) RESIDENTIAL LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARD REDUCTION ACT OF 1992 22,263 21,699 10,000
42 U.S.C. 4910(a)(2) NOISE CONTROL ACT OF 1972 47,041 45,850 10,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(a)(3) RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (RCRA) 124,426 121,275 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(c) RCRA 74,943 73,045 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(g) RCRA 93,058 90,702 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(h)(2) RCRA 74,943 73,045 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6934(e) RCRA 18,610 18,139 5,000
42 U.S.C. 6973(b) RCRA 18,610 18,139 5,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(a)(3) RCRA 74,943 73,045 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(d)(1) RCRA 29,980 29,221 10,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(d)(2) RCRA 29,980 29,221 10,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(b) CLEAN AIR ACT (CAA) 124,426 121,275 25,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(d)(1) CAA 59,114/472,901 57,617/460,926 25,000/200,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(d)(3) CAA 11,823 11,524 5,000
42 U.S.C. 7524(a) CAA 59,114/5,911 57,617/5,761 25,000/2,500
42 U.S.C. 7524(c)(1) CAA 472,901 460,926 200,000
42 U.S.C. 7545(d)(1) CAA 59,114 57,617 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9604(e)(5)(B) COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND LIABILITY ACT (CERCLA) 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9606(b)(1) CERCLA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(a)(1) CERCLA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(b) CERCLA 71,545/214,637 69,733/209,202 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(c) CERCLA 71,545/214,637 69,733/209,202 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(a) EMERGENCY PLANNING AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT (EPCRA) 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(1)(A) EPCRA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(2) EPCRA 71,545/214,637 69,733/209,202 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(3) EPCRA 71,545/214,637 69,733/209,202 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(c)(1) EPCRA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(c)(2) EPCRA 28,619 27,894 10,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(d)(1) EPCRA 71,545 69,733 25,000
42 U.S.C. 14304(a)(1) MERCURY-CONTAINING AND RECHARGEABLE BATTERY MANAGEMENT ACT (BATTERY ACT) 19,942 19,437 10,000
42 U.S.C. 14304(g) BATTERY ACT 19,942 19,437 10,000

1 Note that 7 U.S.C. 136l(a)(2) contains three separate statutory maximum civil penalty provisions. The first mention of $1,000 and the $500 statutory maximum civil penalty amount were originally enacted in 1978 (Pub. L. 95-396), and the second mention of $1,000 was enacted in 1972 (Pub. L. 92-516).

Table 2 of § 19.4—Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments

U.S. Code citation Environmental statute Statutory civil penalties for violations after December 6, 2013 through November 2, 2015, or assessed before August 1, 2016 Statutory civil penalties for violations after January 12, 2009 through December 6, 2013 Statutory civil penalties for violations after March 15, 2004 through January 12, 2009 Statutory civil penalties for violations after January 30, 1997 through March 15, 2004 Statutory civil penalties, as enacted
7 U.S.C. 136 l(a)(1) FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT (FIFRA) $7,500 $7,500 $6,500 $5,500 $5,000
7 U.S.C. 136 l(a)(2) FIFRA 750/1,100 750/1,100 650/1,100 550/1,000 500/1,000
15 U.S.C. 2615(a)(1) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT (TSCA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
15 U.S.C. 2647(a) TSCA 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
15 U.S.C. 2647(g) TSCA 7,500 7,500 5,500 5,000 5,000
31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(1) PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT (PFCRA) 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
31 U.S.C. 3802(a)(2) PFCRA 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(d) CLEAN WATER ACT (CWA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(g)(2)(A) CWA 16,000/37,500 16,000/37,500 11,000/32,500 11,000/27,500 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1319(g)(2)(B) CWA 16,000/187,500 16,000/177,500 11,000/157,500 11,000/137,500 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(6)(B)(i) CWA 16,000/37,500 16,000/37,500 11,000/32,500 11,000/27,500 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(6)(B)(ii) CWA 16,000/187,500 16,000/177,500 11,000/157,500 11,000/137,500 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(A) CWA 37,500/2,100 37,500/1,100 32,500/1,100 27,500/1,100 25,000/1,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(B) CWA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(C) CWA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
33 U.S.C. 1321(b)(7)(D) CWA 150,000/5,300 140,000/4,300 130,000/4,300 110,000/3,300 100,000/3,000
33 U.S.C. 1414b(d)(1) 1 MARINE PROTECTION, RESEARCH, AND SANCTUARIES ACT (MPRSA) 860 860 760 660 600
33 U.S.C. 1415(a) MPRSA 75,000/187,500 70,000/177,500 65,000/157,500 55,000/137,500 50,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(a)(2)(A)) CERTAIN ALASKAN CRUISE SHIP OPERATIONS (CACSO) 11,000/27,500 11,000/27,500 10,000/25,000 10,000/ 2 25,000 10,000/25,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(a)(2)(B)) CACSO 11,000/147,500 11,000/137,500 10,000/125,000 10,000/125,000 10,000/125,000
33 U.S.C. 1901 note (see 1409(b)(1)) CACSO 27,500 27,500 25,000 25,000 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(b) SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT (SDWA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(A) SDWA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(B) SDWA 7,000/32,500 7,000/32,500 6,000/27,500 5,000/25,000 5,000/25,000
42 U.S.C. 300g-3(g)(3)(C) SDWA 32,500 32,500 27,500 25,000 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(b)(1) SDWA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(c)(1) SDWA 16,000/187,500 16,000/177,500 11,000/157,500 11,000/137,500 10,000/125,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-2(c)(2) SDWA 7,500/187,500 7,500/177,500 6,500/157,500 5,500/137,500 5,000/125,000
42 U.S.C. 300h-3(c) SDWA 7,500/16,000 7,500/16,000 6,500/11,000 5,500/11,000 5,000/10,000
42 U.S.C. 300i(b) SDWA 21,500 16,500 16,500 15,000 15,000
42 U.S.C. 300i-1(c) SDWA 120,000/1,150,000 110,000/1,100,000 100,000/1,000,000 22,000/ 3 55,000 20,000/50,000
42 U.S.C. 300j(e)(2) SDWA 3,750 3,750 2,750 2,750 2,500
42 U.S.C. 300j-4(c) SDWA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300j-6(b)(2) SDWA 32,500 32,500 27,500 25,000 25,000
42 U.S.C. 300j-23(d) SDWA 7,500/75,000 7,500/70,000 6,500/65,000 5,500/55,000 5,000/50,000
42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(5) RESIDENTIAL LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARD REDUCTION ACT OF 1992 16,000 16,000 11,000 11,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 4910(a)(2) NOISE CONTROL ACT OF 1972 16,000 16,000 11,000 11,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(a)(3) RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT (RCRA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(c) RCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(g) RCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6928(h)(2) RCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6934(e) RCRA 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
42 U.S.C. 6973(b) RCRA 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(a)(3) RCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(d)(1) RCRA 16,000 16,000 11,000 11,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 6991e(d)(2) RCRA 16,000 16,000 11,000 11,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(b) CLEAN AIR ACT (CAA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(d)(1) CAA 37,500/320,000 37,500/295,000 32,500/270,000 27,500/220,000 25,000/200,000
42 U.S.C. 7413(d)(3) CAA 7,500 7,500 6,500 5,500 5,000
42 U.S.C. 7524(a) CAA 3,750/37,500 3,750/37,500 2,750/32,500 2,750/27,500 2,500/25,000
42 U.S.C. 7524(c)(1) CAA 320,000 295,000 270,000 220,000 200,000
42 U.S.C. 7545(d)(1) CAA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9604(e)(5)(B) COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, AND LIABILITY ACT (CERCLA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9606(b)(1) CERCLA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(a)(1) CERCLA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(b) CERCLA 37,500/117,500 37,500/107,500 32,500/97,500 27,500/82,500 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 9609(c) CERCLA 37,500/117,500 37,500/107,500 32,500/97,500 27,500/82,500 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(a) EMERGENCY PLANNING AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT (EPCRA) 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(1)(A) 4 EPCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(2) EPCRA 37,500/117,500 37,500/107,500 32,500/97,500 27,500/82,500 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(3) EPCRA 37,500/117,500 37,500/107,500 32,500/97,500 27,500/82,500 25,000/75,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(c)(1) EPCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(c)(2) EPCRA 16,000 16,000 11,000 11,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 11045(d)(1) EPCRA 37,500 37,500 32,500 27,500 25,000
42 U.S.C. 14304(a)(1) MERCURY-CONTAINING AND RECHARGEABLE BATTERY MANAGEMENT ACT (BATTERY ACT) 16,000 16,000 11,000 10,000 10,000
42 U.S.C. 14304(g) BATTERY ACT 16,000 16,000 11,000 10,000 10,000

1 Note that 33 U.S.C. 1414b (d)(1)(B) contains additional penalty escalation provisions that must be applied to the penalty amounts set forth in this Table 2. The amounts set forth in this Table 2 reflect an inflation adjustment to the calendar year 1992 penalty amount expressed in section 104B(d)(1)(A), which is used to calculate the applicable penalty amount under MPRSA section 104B(d)(1)(B) for violations that occur in any subsequent calendar year.

2 CACSO was passed on December 21, 2000 as part of Title XIV of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2001, Public Law 106-554, 33 U.S.C. 1901 note.

3 The original statutory penalty amounts of $20,000 and $50,000 under section 1432(c) of the SDWA, 42 U.S.C. 300i-1(c), were subsequently increased by Congress pursuant to section 403 of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, Public Law 107-188 (June 12, 2002), to $100,000 and $1,000,000, respectively. The EPA did not adjust these new penalty amounts in its 2004 Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustment Rule (“2004 Rule”), published on February 13, 2004, because they had gone into effect less than two years prior to the 2004 Rule.

4 Consistent with how the EPA's other penalty authorities are displayed under this section, this Table 2 now delineates, on a subpart-by-subpart basis, the penalty authorities enumerated under section 325(b) of EPCRA, 42 U.S.C. 11045(b) (i.e., 42 U.S.C. 11045(b)(1)(A), (b)(2), and (b)(3)).

[85 FR 1753, Jan. 13, 2020, as amended at 85 FR 83820, Dec. 23, 2020; 87 FR 1678, Jan. 12, 2022; 88 FR 988, Jan. 6, 2023; 88 FR 89311, Dec. 27, 2023; 90 FR 1377, Jan. 8, 2025]