In Moe v. Yost (2025), the plaintiffs/appellants are two transgender adolescents and their families, challenging House Bill 68, also known as the SAFE Act, which restricts minors in Ohio from gaining access to gender-affirming care and services. The defendants/appellees are the Attorney General of Ohio, et al. 

The Ohio Civil Rights Act, also known as the Ohio Fair Employment Practices Act, codified primarily in Ohio Revised Code Chapter 4112, is the state’s comprehensive anti-discrimination law.

Ohio House Bill 531 (2025), known as Braden’s Law, criminalizes sexual extortion, defined as threatening to release or distribute private images, as a third-degree felony, subject to enhancement to a first-degree felony under certain aggravating circumstances. The law also requires courts to consider parental requests for access to the phones of deceased minors.

The Act to amend sections 2905.32 and 2907.21 of the Revised Code penalizes the use of controlled substances in compelling prostitution and human trafficking, thereby criminalizing coercion via drug dependency. The use of drugs did not fit under the definition of “compelled” prior to the passing of this legislation.

Ohio House Bill 322 (2025), also known as the “Grooming Offenses Act” created a civil offense of grooming, imposed penalties on offenders, and established registry requirements for individuals who are convicted of child sexual abuse.

Ohio House Bill 161 did not carry a popular short title but is widely described as the bill “removing spousal exemptions for sexual offenses.” It removes spousal exceptions for sexual offenses such as rape and unlawful sexual conduct with a minor, therefore eliminating the loophole that previously protected individuals from being prosecuted from sexual offenses against their spouse. This law also allows a person to testify against their spouse in prosecuting these offenses. 

Ohio House Bill 68 (2024), the Saving Ohio Adolescents from Experimentation (SAFE) Act, prohibits minors from receiving gender-affirming medical services and requires schools to maintain single-sex sports teams, thereby excluding transgender girls from participating in female sports. The bill was vetoed by Governor DeWine in December of 2023, but the veto was overridden by the House and Senate in early 2024, making it law. The law is currently blocked by a court order and is being challenged in Moe v.

Ohio House Bill 8 (2025), referred to by critics as the “Don’t Say Gay” law and the “Parents Bill of Rights” requires schools to notify parents about any instruction concerning sexuality and about disclosures regarding a student’s sexuality. Parents may request alternative class materials if they object to the subject matter.

Ohio Senate Bill 1 of 2025, the Advance Ohio Higher Education Act, prohibits state colleges and universities from mandating diversity, equity, and inclusion training, while affirming that these institutions must provide equal opportunity regardless of race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. For more information see the Ohio Department of Higher Education Senate Bill 1 Information page. 

Ohio Senate Bill 104 (2024), titled the Protect All Students Act, restricts transgender individuals’ access to school and university bathrooms by requiring facilities to be designated solely for male or female use based on biological sex. It prohibits schools from establishing multi-gendered or gender-neutral facilities and bars students of different biological sexes from sharing overnight accommodations.