Perpetuity means something that continues indefinitely. In finance, this can refer to an annuity–rather, a cash flow–that continues on forever. As stated by Finance Formulas, a perpetuity is an annuity that is paid out in periodic payments for an infinite amount of time. The value of a perpetuity can be calculated here.
In legal usage, piracy can mean either:
Plagiarism is the act of taking a person’s original work and presenting it as if it was one’s own. Plagiarism is not illegal in the United States in most situations. Instead it is considered a violation of honor or ethics codes and can result in disciplinary action from a person’s school or workplace.
Different from a tuber propagated plant or a plant found in an uncultivated state, a plant patent refers to a plant that is invented or discovered and asexually reproduced, and is granted patent by the USPTO. The patent lasts for 20 years from the date of filing the application. For other types of plants, such as seeds or genes, they can be protected under Utility Patents by the USPTO, as long as the plants have utility functions.
A provisional patent application (PPA) is an application an inventor files before the formal patent claim is ready. A PPA allows the inventor to use the PPA filing date in a later filed nonprovisional patent application. Filing dates are critical to patents because a person must file their patents before others file a patent for the same innovation. PPA is regulated under Title 35 of U.S.C. §111(b).
Set out by federal statute 15 U.S.C. 1051, it is the primary list on which trademarks that meet certain federal filing standards are placed. To have a trademark placed on the principal register, the owner must pay a fee and file their application with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
All information that is publicly available before someone claims to invent something is prior art. Patents are only allowed for things that are novel and nonobvious. If the prior art contained a description of the supposed invention, it usually cannot be novel.
Private property refers to the ownership of property by private parties - essentially anyone or anything other than the government. Private property may consist of real estate, buildings, objects, intellectual property (copyright,
