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School District of Abington Township, Pennsylvania v. Schempp (1963)

School District of Abington Township, Pennsylvania v. Schempp (1963) is a U.S. Supreme Court case holding that mandatory religious activity as part of a public school’s curriculum, such as Bible readings and the recitation of the Lord's Prayer, violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.

separate but equal

“Separate but equal” refers to the infamously racist decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that allowed the use of segregation laws by states and local governments. The phrase “separate but equal” comes from part of the Court’s decision that argued separate rail cars for whites and African Americans were equal at least as required by the Equal Protection Clause.

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