Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to seek out and give undue credibility to information that supports a desired conclusion. Due to confirmation bias, a party may unduly discredit contradictory information to the desired conclusion, or incorrectly believe it to reinforce a minority viewpoint at best. Confirmation bias is similar to the concept of biased assimilation.
A constructive contract, also known as a quasi-contract, is an obligation created by the law of equity and justice in the absence of any agreement between the parties to prevent unjust enrichment. Notably, a court cannot find a quasi-contract if there already exists a contract, either express
Criminal contempt of court refers to disobedience of an order of the court which carries criminal penalties. Common examples of conduct which may result in criminal contempt of court charges include insulting the judge or creating a disturbance at trial. Penalties for criminal contempt include fines and potential jail time.
Direct contempt of court occurs when a party disobeys a court order in the presence of the court. The party is under the inherent power the judicial officers possess to maintain respect, dignity, and order during proceeding.
Indirect contempt of court is the violation of a court order outside the immediate presence of the court. Indirect contempt can either be civil or criminal and is also known as constructive contempt of court.
Contra proferentem is a rule of contract interpretation that states an ambiguous contract term should be construed against the drafter of the contract. The term contra proferentem is derived from a Latin phrase meaning “against the offeror.”
A contract implied in fact consists of obligations arising from a mutual agreement expressed not through words but implied through actions. To support a contract implied in fact, facts and circumstances surrounding the actions must show a mutual intent to contract. Contracts of this sort are legally enforceable and are true contracts, meaning they can supersede or modify written contracts on the same topic.
A contract implied in law, also known as a quasi-contract or a constructive contract, is an obligation created by law for the sake of justice or to avoid unjust enrichment. A contract implied in law operates as a valid contract for purposes of remedy only; the general rules of
Conventional international law is the body of international legal principles contained in treaties versus customary international law or other sources of international law. As provided in Article 38(
Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices and procedures that guide, control and govern a company. It provides a structure for determining the methods used to achieve corporate goals and monitor performance.
