42 U.S. Code § 5301 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose
This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (c) and (d), was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 93–383, Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 633, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.
1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–233 inserted “or a grant” after “guarantee” in second sentence.
1990—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–625, § 913(a), inserted “to States and units of general local government” after first reference to “Federal assistance provided” in second sentence.
Pub. L. 101–625, § 902(a), substituted “70 percent” for “60 percent” in second sentence.
1988—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–242, § 502(a), substituted “60” for “51”.
Subsec. (c)(6). Pub. L. 100–242, § 502(b), struck out “to attract persons of higher income” before semicolon at end.
1983—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–181, § 101(a)(1), inserted “and of the community development program of each grantee under this chapter” in provisions preceding par. (1).
Pub. L. 98–181, § 101(a)(2), inserted “not less than 51 percent of the aggregate of the Federal assistance provided under section 5306 of this title and, if applicable, the funds received as a result of a guarantee under section 5308 of this title, shall be used for the support of activities that benefit persons of low and moderate income, and” in provisions preceding par. (1).
1980—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 96–399, § 104(a)(1)–(3), added par. (3).
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 96–399, § 104(a)(4)–(6), added par. (4).
Subsec. (c)(9). Pub. L. 96–399, § 104(a)(7)–(9), added par. (9).
1977—Subsec. (c)(8). Pub. L. 95–128, § 101(a), added par. (8).
Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 95–128, § 101(b), provided that the development activities be undertaken by Federal agencies and programs as well as by communities.
Pub. L. 103–233, title II, § 209, Apr. 11, 1994, 108 Stat. 366, provided that:
Pub. L. 102–550, § 2, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3681, provided that:
Amendment by section 913(a) of Pub. L. 101–625 applicable to amounts approved in any appropriation Act under section 5303 of this title for fiscal year 1990 and each fiscal year thereafter, see section 913(f) of Pub. L. 101–625, set out as a note under section 5306 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–181 applicable only to funds available for fiscal year 1984 and thereafter, see section 110(b) of Pub. L. 98–181, as amended, set out as a note under section 5316 of this title.
Pub. L. 95–128, title I, § 114, Oct. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 1128, provided that:
Pub. L. 108–146, § 1, Dec. 3, 2003, 117 Stat. 1883, provided that:
Pub. L. 102–550, § 1(a), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3672, provided that:
Pub. L. 100–242, § 1(a), Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1815, provided that:
Pub. L. 99–272, title III, § 3001(a), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 101, provided that:
Pub. L. 98–479, § 1, Oct. 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 2218, provided:
Pub. L. 97–35, title III, § 300, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 384, provided that:
Pub. L. 96–399, § 1, Oct. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1614, provided:
Pub. L. 96–153, § 1, Dec. 21, 1979, 93 Stat. 1101, provided:
Pub. L. 95–557, § 1, Oct. 31, 1978, 92 Stat. 2080, provided that:
Section 1 of Pub. L. 95–128 provided that:
Pub. L. 93–383, § 1, Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 633, provided:
Pub. L. 117–43, div. B, title VIII, Sept. 30, 2021, 135 Stat. 371, provided in part:
Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8071, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4095, provided that:
Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1497, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2209, provided that:
[Amended section 2301(f)(3)(A)(ii) of Pub. L. 110–289, set out below]
Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XII, Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 218, provided in part:
Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XII, Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 218, provided in part:
Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title III, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2850, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title XII, Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 218; Pub. L. 111–22, div. A, title I, § 105(a), May 20, 2009, 123 Stat. 1638; Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1497(b)(1)(A), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2210, provided that:
“Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act [see Short Title of 2008 Amendment note set out under section 1701 of Title 12] or the amendments made by this Act, each State shall receive not less than 0.5 percent of funds made available under section 2301 (relating to emergency assistance for the redevelopment of abandoned and foreclosed homes).
“No State or unit of general local government may use any amounts received pursuant to section 2301 to fund any project that seeks to use the power of eminent domain, unless eminent domain is employed only for a public use: Provided, That for purposes of this section, public use shall not be construed to include economic development that primarily benefits private entities.
“Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act [see Short Title of 2008 Amendment note set out under section 1701 of Title 12], the amount appropriated under section 2301(a) of this Act shall be $3,920,000,000 and the amount appropriated under section 2401 of this Act [122 Stat. 2854] shall be $180,000,000: Provided, That of the amount appropriated under section 2401 of this Act pursuant to this section, not less than 15 percent shall be provided to counseling organizations that target counseling services regarding loss mitigation to minority and low-income homeowners or provide such services in neighborhoods with high concentrations of minority and low-income homeowners: Provided further, That of amounts appropriated under such section 2401 $30,000,000 shall be used by the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (referred to in this section as the ‘NRC’) to make grants to counseling intermediaries approved by the Department of Housing and Urban Development or the NRC to hire attorneys to assist homeowners who have legal issues directly related to the homeowner’s foreclosure, delinquency or short sale. Such attorneys shall be capable of assisting homeowners of owner-occupied homes with mortgages in default, in danger of default, or subject to or at risk of foreclosure and who have legal issues that cannot be handled by counselors already employed by such intermediaries: Provided further, That of the amounts provided for in the prior provisos the NRC shall give priority consideration to counseling intermediaries and legal organizations that (1) provide legal assistance in the 100 metropolitan statistical areas (as defined by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget) with the highest home foreclosure rates, and (2) have the capacity to begin using the financial assistance within 90 days after receipt of the assistance: Provided further, That no funds provided under this Act shall be used to provide, obtain, or arrange on behalf of a homeowner, legal representation involving or for the purposes of civil litigation: Provided further, That the NRC, in awarding counseling grants under section 2401 of this Act, may consider, where appropriate, whether the entity has implemented a written plan for providing in-person counseling and for making contact, including personal contact, with defaulted mortgagors, for the purpose of providing counseling or providing information about available counseling.”
[Pub. L. 111–203, § 1497(b)(1)(A), which directed amendment of section 2301(f)(3)(A)(ii) of Pub. L. 110–289, set out above, by striking out “for the purchase and redevelopment of abandoned and foreclosed upon homes or residential properties that will be used”, was executed by striking out “for the purchase and redevelopment of abandoned or foreclosed upon homes or residential properties that will be used” before “to house”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.]
[Pub. L. 111–22, div. A, title I, § 105(b), May 20, 2009, 123 Stat. 1638, provided that:
Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 590, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2651, provided that:
Pub. L. 100–242, § 2, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1819, provided that:
Pub. L. 100–242, § 3, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1819, provided that:
Pub. L. 100–242, § 4, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1819, provided that:
Pub. L. 100–242, § 5, Feb. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1820, provided that:
Pub. L. 93–383, title VIII, § 817, Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 739, as amended by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title III, § 302(c)], Nov. 30, 1983, 97 Stat. 1206, provided that:
Ex. Ord. No. 13853, Dec. 12, 2018, 83 F.R. 65071, provided:
Section 1. Purpose. Fifty-two million Americans live in economically distressed communities. Despite the growing national economy, these communities are plagued by high poverty levels, failing schools, and a scarcity of jobs. In December 2017, I signed into law a bill originally introduced as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Act) [title I of Pub. L. 115–97, see Tables for classification], which established a historic new Federal tax incentive that promotes long-term equity investments in low-income communities designated as “qualified opportunity zones” by the Governors of States or territories. In order to further facilitate such investment, my Administration will implement reforms that streamline existing regulations, protect taxpayers by optimizing use of Federal resources, stimulate economic opportunity and mobility, encourage entrepreneurship, expand quality educational opportunities, develop and rehabilitate quality housing stock, promote workforce development, and promote safety and prevent crime in urban and economically distressed communities.
This order establishes a White House Council to carry out my Administration’s plan to encourage public and private investment in urban and economically distressed areas, including qualified opportunity zones. The Council shall lead joint efforts across executive departments and agencies (agencies) to engage with State, local, and tribal governments to find ways to better use public funds to revitalize urban and economically distressed communities.
Sec. 2. Establishment. There is established a White House Opportunity and Revitalization Council (Council). The Council shall be chaired by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), or the Secretary’s designee. The Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, or the designee of the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, shall serve as Vice Chair of the Council.
(a) Membership. In addition to the Chair and Vice Chair, the Council shall consist of the following members, or their designees:
(i) the Secretary of the Treasury;
(ii) the Attorney General;
(iii) the Secretary of the Interior;
(iv) the Secretary of Agriculture;
(v) the Secretary of Commerce;
(vi) the Secretary of Labor;
(vii) the Secretary of Health and Human Services;
(viii) the Secretary of Transportation;
(ix) the Secretary of Energy;
(x) the Secretary of Education;
(xi) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;
(xii) the Director of the Office of Management and Budget;
(xiii) the Administrator of the Small Business Administration;
(xiv) the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy;
(xv) the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers;
(xvi) the Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality; and
(xvii) the heads of such other agencies, offices, or independent regulatory agencies as the Chair may, from time to time, designate or invite.
(b) Administration. The Vice Chair shall convene regular meetings of the Council, determine its agenda, and direct its work, all under the guidance of the Chair. The Department of Housing and Urban Development shall provide funding and administrative support for the Council to the extent permitted by law and within existing appropriations. The Secretary of HUD shall designate a HUD officer or employee to serve as the Executive Director of the Council, who shall be responsible for coordinating the Council’s work.
Sec. 3. Mission and Function of the Council. The Council shall, to the extent permitted by law, work across agencies, giving consideration to existing agency initiatives, to:
(a) assess the actions each agency can take under existing authorities to prioritize or focus Federal investments and programs on urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones;
(b) assess the actions each agency can take under existing authorities to minimize all regulatory and administrative costs and burdens that discourage public and private investment in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones;
(c) regularly consult with officials from State, local, and tribal governments and individuals from the private sector to solicit feedback on how best to stimulate the economic development of urban and economically distressed areas, including qualified opportunity zones;
(d) coordinate Federal interagency efforts to help ensure that private and public stakeholders—such as investors; business owners; institutions of higher education (including Historically Black Colleges and Universities, as defined by 50 U.S.C. 3224(g)(2), and tribally controlled colleges and universities, as defined by 25 U.S.C. 1801(a)(4)); K–12 education providers; early care and education providers; human services agencies; State, local, and tribal leaders; public housing agencies; non-profit organizations; and economic development organizations—can successfully develop strategies for economic growth and revitalization;
(e) recommend policies that would:
(i) reduce and streamline regulatory and administrative burdens, including burdens on applicants applying for multiple Federal assistance awards;
(ii) help community-based applicants, including recipients of investments from qualified opportunity funds, identify and apply for relevant Federal resources; and
(iii) make it easier for recipients to receive and manage multiple types of public and private investments, including by aligning certain program requirements;
(f) evaluate the following:
(i) whether and how agencies can prioritize support for urban and economically distressed areas, including qualified opportunity zones, in their grants, financing, and other assistance;
(ii) appropriate methods for Federal cooperation with and support for States, localities, and tribes that are innovatively and strategically facilitating economic growth and inclusion in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones, consistent with preserving State, local, and tribal control;
(iii) whether and how to develop an integrated web-based tool through which entrepreneurs, investors, and other stakeholders can see the full range of applicable Federal financing programs and incentives available to projects located in urban and economically distressed areas, including qualified opportunity zones;
(iv) whether and how to consider urban and economically distressed areas, including qualified opportunity zones, as possible locations for Federal buildings, through consultation with the General Services Administration;
(v) whether and how Federal technical assistance, planning, financing tools, and implementation strategies can be coordinated across agencies to assist communities in addressing economic problems, engaging in comprehensive planning, and advancing regional collaboration; and
(vi) what data, metrics, and methodologies can be used to measure the effectiveness of public and private investments in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones.
Sec. 4. Reports. The Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy shall, on behalf of the Council, be responsible for submitting to the President:
(a) Within 90 days of the date of this order [Dec. 12, 2018], a detailed work plan for how, and by when, the Council will accomplish the goals detailed in section 3 of this order;
(b) Within 210 days of the date of this order, a list of recommended changes to Federal statutes, regulations, policies, and programs that would encourage public and private investment in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones;
(c) Within 1 year of the date of this order, a list of recommended changes to Federal statutes, regulations, policies, and programs that would help State, local, and tribal governments to better identify, use, and administer Federal resources in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones;
(d) Within 1 year of the date of this order, a list of best practices that could be integrated into public and private investments in urban and economically distressed communities, including qualified opportunity zones, in order to increase economic growth, encourage new business formation, and revitalize communities; and
(e) Any subsequent reports that the President may request or that the Council may deem appropriate.
Sec. 5. Amendments to Executive Order 13845. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 13845, formerly set out as a note under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.]
Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) The heads of agencies shall assist and provide information to the Council, consistent with applicable law, as may be necessary for the Council to carry out its functions.
(b) The heads of agencies shall consider the reports and recommendations of the Council in carrying out their responsibilities related to urban and economically distressed communities.
(c) The Council shall terminate on January 21, 2021, unless extended by the President.
(d) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department, agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(e) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(f) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.