Insider trading is the trading of a company’s securities by individuals with access to confidential or material nonpublic information about the company. Taking advantage of this privileged access is considered a breach of the individual’s fiduciary duty.
Insolvency is a financial condition in which a debtor cannot satisfy their obligations, or has liabilities that exceed the value of their assets.
The instance-and-expense test is a legal standard commonly employed by courts to determine whether a product was a work made for hire. Work done by employees within the scope of their employment will generally be deemed made for hire. However, ownership rights between contractors and hiring parties may be less clear-cut.
Broadly speaking, interference in a legal setting is wrongful conduct that prevents or disturbs another in the performance of their usual activities, in the conduct of their business or contractual relations, or in the enjoyment of their full legal rights.
Intermediate scrutiny is a test courts often use in the field of Constitutional Law to determine a statute's constitutionality.
The International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), codified in 50 U.S.C. Chapter 35, establishes a framework for the President’s emergency economic powers. Under IEEPA, if the President declares a national emergency for an “unusual and extraordinary threat” from outside the United States, the President has the authority to exercise certain economic powers.
International trade refers to commerce that occurs across national borders. An illustrative example is the importation and exportation of goods and services across national borders. The term international trade may also include foreign direct investments, especially in cases where the foreign investment impacts trade in goods and services.
The Investment Company Act of 1940 (“ICA”) regulates investment funds. An investment fund pools capital from investors in order to pursue a common investment strategy. Investment funds are managed by professional asset managers, who are paid a fee (plus expenses) by investors.
